Directed evolution is a process used in molecular biology and biochemistry to mimic natural selection in order to evolve enzymes or proteins with specific desired traits or functions. This process involves creating genetic diversity through random mutagenesis or recombination, and then selecting for variants that exhibit the desired trait through screening or selection processes. Directed evolution has been used to improve enzyme activity, stability, specificity, and other properties for a wide range of applications, including drug development, biocatalysis, and bioremediation.